mber of independent academic institutions, including Fermilab and Argonne National Laboratory. The university is accredited by The Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools.[72] The university runs on a quarter system in which the academic year is divided into four terms: Summer (June–August), Autumn (September–December), Winter (January–March), and Spring (April–June).[73] Full-time undergraduate students take three to four courses every quarter[74] for approximately eleven weeks before their qu

University rankings
National
ARWU[65]    8
Forbes[66]    14
U.S. News & World Report[67]    5
Washington Monthly[68]    29
Global
ARWU[69]    9
QS[70]    8
Times[71]    10
The academic bodies of the University of Chicago consist of the College, four divisions of graduate research, six professional schools, and the Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies (a continuing education school). The university also contains a library system, the University of Chicago Press, the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools, and the University of Chicago Medical Center, and holds ties with a number of independent academic institutions, including Fermilab and Argonne National Laboratory. The university is accredited by The Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools.[72]
The university runs on a quarter system in which the academic year is divided into four terms: Summer (June–August), Autumn (September–December), Winter (January–March), and Spring (April–June).[73] Full-time undergraduate students take three to four courses every quarter[74] for approximately eleven weeks before their quarterly academic breaks. The school year typically begins in late September and ends in mid-June.[73]
Undergraduate college[edit]
Main article: College of the University of Chicago
The College of the University of Chicago grants Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science degrees in 50 academic majors[75] and 28 minors.[76] The college's academics are divided into five divisions: the Biological Sciences Collegiate Division, the Physical Sciences Collegiate Division, the Social Sciences Collegiate Division, the Humanities Collegiate Division, and the New Collegiate Division.[77] The first four are sections within their corresponding graduate divisions, while the New Collegiate Division administers interdisciplinary majors and studies which do not fit in one of the other four divisions.[78]
Undergraduate students are required to take a distribution of courses to satisfy the university's core curriculum known as the Common Core. In 2012-2013, the Core classes at Chicago were limited to 17 students, and are generally led by a full-time professor (as opposed to a teaching assistant).[79] As of the 2009–2010 school year, 15 courses, tested proficiency in a foreign language, passage of a swim test, and up to three physical education courses (depending on results of an entrance examination) are required under the Core.[28] Undergraduate courses at the University of Chicago are known for their demanding standards, heavy workload and academic difficulty; according to Uni in the USA, "Among the academic cream of American universities – Harvard, Yale, Princeton, MIT, and the University of Chicago – it is UChicago that can most convincingly claim to provide the most rigorous, intense learning e

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signed by Bertram Goodhue in the neo-Gothic style A tall, jagged gray building with protruding windows The Henry Hinds Laboratory for Geophysical Sciences was built in 1969.[58] A large red building facing a concrete plaza. Part of the roof is overhanging and supported by cables attached above and below to white poles. The Gerald Ratner Athletics Center, opened in 2003 and designed by Cesar Pelli, houses the volleyball, wrestling, swimming, and basketball teams.[59] Satellite campuses[edit]

dential Commons (2001),[46] South Campus Residence Hall and dining commons (2009), a new children's hospital,[52] and other construction, expansions, and restorations.[53] In 2011, the university completed the glass dome-shaped Joe and Rika Mansueto Library, which provides a grand reading room for the university library and eliminates the need for an off-campus book depository.
The site of Chicago Pile-1 is a National Historic Landmark and is marked by the Henry Moore sculpture Nuclear Energy.[54] Robie House, a Frank Lloyd Wright building acquired by the university in 1963, is also a National Historic Landmark,[55] as is room 405 of the George Herbert Jones Laboratory, where Glenn T. Seaborg and his team were the first to isolate plutonium.[56] Hitchcock Hall, an undergraduate dormitory, is on the National Register of Historic Places.[57]
Campus of the University of Chicago
An ivy-covered building
Snell-Hitchcock, an undergraduate dormitory constructed in the early 20th century, is part of the Main Quadrangles.
A large stone building with a carillon tower. The building has many turrets, arches, and columns.
Rockefeller Chapel, constructed in 1928, was designed by Bertram Goodhue in the neo-Gothic style
A tall, jagged gray building with protruding windows
The Henry Hinds Laboratory for Geophysical Sciences was built in 1969.[58]
A large red building facing a concrete plaza. Part of the roof is overhanging and supported by cables attached above and below to white poles.
The Gerald Ratner Athletics Center, opened in 2003 and designed by Cesar Pelli, houses the volleyball, wrestling, swimming, and basketball teams.[59]
Satellite campuses[edit]
The University of Chicago also maintains facilities apart from its main campus. The university's Booth School of Business maintains campuses in Singapore, London, and the downtown Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago. The Center in Paris, a campus located on the left bank of the Seine in Paris, hosts various undergraduate and graduate study programs.[60] The University of Chicago also opened a center in Beijing in fall 2010.
Administration and finances[edit]

The University of Chicago is governed by a board of trustees. The Board of Trustees oversees the long-term development and plans of the university and manages fundraising efforts, and is composed of 50 members including the university President.[61] Directly beneath the President are the Provost, fourteen Vice Presidents (including the Chief Financial Officer, Chief Investment Officer, and Dean of Students of the university), the Directors of Argonne National Laboratory and Fermilab, the Secretary of the university, and the Student Ombudsperson.[62] As of August 2009, the Chairman of the Board of Trustees is Andrew Alper,[63] and the President of the university is Robert Zimmer.
The university's endowment was the 13th largest among American educational institutions and state university systems in 2012[64] and as of 2012 was valued at $6.571 billion.[2]
Academics[edit]

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rofoundly affected both the neighborhood's architecture and street plan.[33] The university experienced its share of student unrest during the 1960s, beginning in 1962, when students occupied President George Beadle's office in a protest over the university's off-campus rental policies. In 1969, more than 400 students, ang

tituted the undergraduate college's liberal-arts curriculum known as the Common Core,[28] and organized the university's graduate work into its current[when?] four divisions.[27] In 1933, Hutchins proposed an unsuccessful plan to merge the University of Chicago and Northwestern University into a single university.[29] During his term, the University of Chicago Hospitals (now called the University of Chicago Medical Center) finished construction and enrolled its first medical students,[30] and the Committee on Social Thought was created.
A group of people in suits standing in three rows on the steps in front of a stone building.

The University of Chicago team that worked on the production of the world's first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction, including Enrico Fermi in the front row and Leó Szilárd in the second.
Money that had been raised during the 1920s and financial backing from the Rockefeller Foundation helped the school to survive through the Great Depression.[27] During World War II, the university made important contributions to the Manhattan Project.[31] The university was the site of the first isolation of plutonium and of the creation of the first artificial, self-sustained nuclear reaction by Enrico Fermi in 1942.[31][32]
In the early 1950s, student applications declined as a result of increasing crime and poverty in the Hyde Park neighborhood. In response, the university became a major sponsor of a controversial urban renewal project for Hyde Park, which profoundly affected both the neighborhood's architecture and street plan.[33]
The university experienced its share of student unrest during the 1960s, beginning in 1962, when students occupied President George Beadle's office in a protest over the university's off-campus rental policies. In 1969, more than 400 students, angry about the dismissal of a popular professor, Marlene Dixon, occupied the Administration Building for two weeks. After the sit-in ended, when Dixon turned down a one-year reappointment, 42 students were expelled and 81 were suspended,[34] the most severe response to student occupations of any American university during the student movement.[35]
In 1978, Hanna Holborn Gray, then the provost and acting president of Yale University, became President of the University of Chicago, a position she held for 15 years.[36]


View from the Midway Plaisance
1990s–2010s[edit]
In 1999, then-President Hugo Sonnenschein announced plans to relax the university's famed core curriculum, reducing the number of required courses from 21 to 15. When The New York Times, The Economist, and other major news outlets picked up this story, the university became the focal point of a national debate on education. The changes were ultimately implemented, but the controversy played a role in Sonnenschein's decision to resign in 2000.[37]
In the past decade, the university began a number of multi-million dollar expansion projects. In 2008, the University of Chicago announced plans to establish the Milton Friedman Institute which attracted both support and controversy from faculty members and students.[38][39][40][41][42] The institute will cost around $200 million and occupy the buildings of the Chicago Theological Seminary. During the same year, investor David G. Booth donated $300 million to the university's Booth School of Business, which is the largest gift in the university's history and the largest gift

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